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Basic Writings of Existentialism summary
Brief summary
Basic Writings of Existentialism is a collection of essential works by renowned existentialist thinkers such as Sartre, Nietzsche, Kierkegaard, and Dostoevsky. It delves into the philosophical exploration of human existence, freedom, and the search for meaning.
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Basic Writings of Existentialism
Summary of key ideas
Exploring Existentialism
In Basic Writings of Existentialism by Gordon Marino, we are introduced to the fundamental concepts of existentialism through the writings of its key proponents. The book begins with the works of Søren Kierkegaard, often considered the father of existentialism. Kierkegaard's emphasis on the individual's subjective experience and the concept of 'existential angst' sets the stage for the existentialist movement.
Continuing with the exploration of existentialism, the book delves into the writings of Friedrich Nietzsche, who famously declared, 'God is dead.' Nietzsche's work emphasizes the need for individuals to create their own values and live authentic lives in the face of a meaningless world. His concept of the 'will to power' further elaborates on the human desire for self-assertion and self-overcoming.
Existentialism in the 20th Century
Moving into the 20th century, the book introduces us to Jean-Paul Sartre's influential work, Being and Nothingness. Here, Sartre delves into the concept of 'existence preceding essence', arguing that individuals are responsible for defining their own essence through their actions and choices. He introduces the notion of 'bad faith', the act of denying one's freedom and responsibility, as a central obstacle to living an authentic life.
We then encounter Simone de Beauvoir, Sartre's lifelong partner and a significant existentialist philosopher in her own right. In her groundbreaking work, The Second Sex, Beauvoir explores the existentialist perspective on gender, arguing that women have historically been defined as the 'other' in relation to men, thereby denying them their existential freedom.
Existentialism in Literature and Philosophy
The book also includes existentialist writings from the world of literature. We read Albert Camus' The Myth of Sisyphus, where he famously examines the absurdity of human existence, represented by the mythical figure condemned to endlessly roll a boulder up a hill. Camus concludes that despite the inherent absurdity, we must imagine Sisyphus happy, finding meaning in the act of defiance against the absurd.
Furthermore, we explore existentialism in the realm of phenomenology through the works of Martin Heidegger. Heidegger's philosophy focuses on 'being-in-the-world' and the temporality of existence, emphasizing the individual's immersion in their surroundings and the inevitability of their mortality.
Existentialism and the Human Condition
In the latter part of Basic Writings of Existentialism, we encounter Miguel de Unamuno, a Spanish philosopher, and his concept of the 'tragic sense of life'. Unamuno argues that the human struggle with the certainty of death creates an existential tension, leading to a perpetual quest for immortality through various means, such as faith, reason, or art.
The book concludes with Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man, a powerful exploration of racial identity and existential invisibility. The protagonist's journey serves as a poignant illustration of existentialist themes, including the struggle for self-definition and the realization of one's individuality amidst societal pressures.
Final Thoughts on Existentialism
In summary, Basic Writings of Existentialism provides a comprehensive exploration of existentialist thought through the writings of its key proponents. It invites readers to ponder the complexities of human existence, the nature of freedom and responsibility, and the quest for meaning in a seemingly indifferent universe. By delving into these fundamental works, we gain a deeper understanding of the rich and varied perspectives that constitute existentialist philosophy.
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What is Basic Writings of Existentialism about?
Basic Writings of Existentialism is a comprehensive collection of essays and excerpts from the most influential existentialist thinkers. From Jean-Paul Sartre to Friedrich Nietzsche, this book delves into the philosophical movement that emphasizes individual freedom, choice, and the absurdity of human existence. It offers a thought-provoking exploration of the fundamental questions about life, meaning, and our place in the world.
Basic Writings of Existentialism Review
Basic Writings of Existentialism (2004) offers a diverse selection of existentialist works challenging us to ponder life's meaning and our existence. Here's why this book is a valuable addition to your reading list:
- Includes writings by Sartre, Nietzsche, Kierkegaard and more, presenting a comprehensive overview of existentialist thought.
- Explores fundamental themes such as freedom, choice, and authenticity, prompting deep reflection on the human experience.
- The thought-provoking content is presented in a way that invites introspection and critical thinking, ensuring an intellectually stimulating journey.
Who should read Basic Writings of Existentialism?
Individuals seeking to explore the fundamental questions of human existence
Readers interested in the philosophical movement of existentialism and its key concepts
Those looking for thought-provoking insights into the nature of freedom, choice, and authenticity
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Basic Writings of Existentialism FAQs
What is the main message of Basic Writings of Existentialism?
The main message of Basic Writings of Existentialism explores the core themes of existentialist philosophy.
How long does it take to read Basic Writings of Existentialism?
Reading Basic Writings of Existentialism takes a significant amount of time. For a quicker option, the Blinkist summary can be read in a short period.
Is Basic Writings of Existentialism a good book? Is it worth reading?
This book is worth reading for its profound exploration of existentialist ideas in an accessible format.
Who is the author of Basic Writings of Existentialism?
Gordon Marino is the author of Basic Writings of Existentialism.
What to read after Basic Writings of Existentialism?
If you're wondering what to read next after Basic Writings of Existentialism, here are some recommendations we suggest:
- God Is Not Great by Christopher Hitchens
- Philosophy for Life by Jules Evans
- The Laws of Simplicity by John Maeda
- On Being by Peter Atkins
- The Prince by Niccolò Machiavelli
- The Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
- Do No Harm by Henry Marsh
- Second Treatise of the Government by John Locke
- How Adam Smith Can Change Your Life by Russ Roberts
- The Republic by Plato